Kids web site - Chapter 6 . Securing Linux 213 . The
Chapter 6 . Securing Linux 213 . The program or service name to which the message pertains. . The process number (enclosed in square brackets) of the program sending the message. . The actual text message. Take another look at the preceding file snippet. In the first two lines, you can see that the network was restarted. The next line shows that the user named chris tried and failed to get to the FTP server on this system from a computer at address 10.0.0.5 (he typed the wrong password and authentication failed). The last line shows chris using the su command to become root user. By occasionally reviewing the messages and secure files, it s possible to catch a cracking attempt before it is successful. If you see an excessive number of connection attempts for a particular service, especially if they are coming from systems on the Internet, you may be under attack. Using Password Protection Passwords are the most fundamental security tool of any modern operating system and consequently, the most commonly attacked security feature. It is natural to want to choose a password that is easy to remember, but very often this means choosing a password that is also easy to guess. Crackers know that on any system with more than a few users, at least one person is likely to have an easily guessed password. By using the brute force method of attempting to log in to every account on the system and trying the most common passwords on each of these accounts, a persistent cracker has a good shot of finding a way in. Remember that a cracker can automate this attack, so thousands of login attempts are not out of the question. Obviously, choosing good passwords is the first and most important step to having a secure system. Here are some things to avoid when choosing a password: . Do not use any variation of your login name or your full name. Even if you use varied case, append or prepend numbers or punctuation, or type it backwards, this will still be an easily guessed password. . Do not use a dictionary word, even if you add numbers or punctuation to it. . Do not use proper names of any kind. . Do not use any contiguous line of letters or numbers on the keyboard (such as qwerty or asdfg ).
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