216 Part II . Running the Show Something (Domain and web hosting)
216 Part II . Running the Show Something similar to the following should be displayed: root:DkkS6Uke799fQ:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:*:1:1:bin:/bin: daemon:*:2:2:daemon:/sbin: … mary:KpRUp2ozmY5TA:500:100:Mary Smith:/home/mary:/bin/sh joe:0sXrzvKnQaksI:501:100:Joe Johnson:/home/joe:/bin/sh jane:ptNoiueYEjwX.:502:100:Jane Anderson:/home/jane:/bin/sh bob:Ju2vY7A0X6Kzw:503:100:Bob Renolds:/home/bob:/bin/sh Each line in this listing corresponds to a single user account on the Linux system. Each line is made up of seven fields separated by colon (:) characters. From left to right the fields are the login name, the encrypted password, the user ID, the group ID, the description, the home directory, and the default shell. Looking at the first line, you see that it is for the root account and has an encrypted password of DkkS6Uke799fQ. You can also see that root has a user ID of zero, a group ID of zero, and a home directory of /root, and root s default shell is /bin/sh. All of these values are quite normal for a root account, but seeing that encrypted password between the first and second colon on each line should set off alarm bells in your head. It confirms that your system is not using the shadow password file. At this point, you should immediately use the pwconv command to convert your password file to /etc/shadow to store the password information. Simply log in as root (or use the su command to become root) and enter the pwconv command at a prompt. It will print no messages, but when your shell prompt returns, you should have a /etc/shadow file and your /etc/passwd file that looks like this: root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin: daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin: … mary:x:500:100:Mary Smith:/home/mary:/bin/sh joe:x:501:100:Joe Johnson:/home/joe:/bin/sh jane:x:502:100:Jane Anderson:/home/jane:/bin/sh bob:x:503:100:Bob Renolds:/home/bob:/bin/sh Encrypted password data is replaced with an x. The password data is moved to /etc/shadow. There is also a screen-oriented command called authconfig that you can use to manage shadow passwords and other system authentication information. This tool also has features that enable you to work with MD5 passwords, LDAP authentication, and Kerberos 5 authentication. Type authconfig and step through the screens to use it.
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